BUXORO VILOYATI SUG‘ORILADIGAN O‘TLOQI ALLYUVIAL TUPROQLARDA SIDERAT EKINLARDAN FOYDALANISHNING AGROEKOLOGIK VA BIOLOGIK MELIORATIV SAMARADORLIGI: NAZARIY ASOSLAR VA ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR

Abstract

The article presents a systematic analysis of modern scientific approaches to evaluating the agroecological efficiency of green manure crops in the biological restoration of soil fertility and improvement of the reclamation status of irrigated meadow-alluvial soils in the conditions of the Bukhara region. The scientific and practical significance of biological reclamation technologies is substantiated under conditions of intensified degradation processes in irrigated agroecosystems, deterioration of humus balance, decline in biological activity, and increasing secondary salinization. Based on the results of domestic and foreign studies, a comprehensive assessment of the effects of green manure crops on the agrophysical, agrochemical, microbiological, and ecological properties of soils was carried out. It has been scientifically generalized that green manure crops improve the balance of nutrients through biological nitrogen fixation, increase the content of organic matter and humus, stabilize soil aggregates, and optimize the soil water-air regime. In addition, the root systems of green manure crops contribute to the loosening of compacted soil layers, improve soil water permeability, and positively affect the leaching of saline layers. The analysis confirmed that the use of green manure crops in arid regions, including the conditions of the Bukhara region, is one of the key factors in the formation of an environmentally sustainable, resourcesaving, and biologically oriented farming system.