БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЮ ЗАСОЛЁННЫХ ПОЧВ

Abstract

Soil salinization is one of the major ecological and agro-economic constraints limiting agricultural productivity in arid and semi-arid regions. This paper considers biological approaches to the restoration of saline soils based on the use of halophytic plants, beneficial soil microorganisms and phytoremediation technologies. The results indicate that these methods can reduce the content of soluble salts, improve soil physical properties and increase biological activity. The most pronounced effect was observed when halophytes and microorganisms were applied together: soil electrical conductivity decreased from 8.4 to 5.8 dS/m, corresponding to a 31.0% reduction in salinity, while plant biomass reached 510 g/m². The findings confirm the potential of integrated biological reclamation as an environmentally safe approach to restoring degraded lands.