ISSIQXONA SHAROITIDA POMIDOR O‘SIMLIGIDA FITOFTOROZ KASALLIGI BO‘YICHA ANALITIK SHARH

Abstract

This review analyzes the biological characteristics, causal agent, symptoms, and epidemiological patterns of late blight disease in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions based on contemporary scientific sources. Research findings indicate that the disease is caused by Phytophthora infestans, an oomycete pathogen that develops rapidly under conditions of high humidity and optimal temperature. The specific microclimatic conditions of greenhouses—particularly high relative humidity, prolonged leaf wetness, and condensation processes—significantly contribute to the epiphytotic development of the disease. Based on analytical evaluations, the primary sources of infection were identified as infected seedlings, plant residues, and nearby solanaceous crops. In the pathogen’s life cycle, the sporangial and zoospore stages play a crucial role in ensuring the rapid progression of the infection process. The disease manifests on leaves, stems, and fruits, and within a short period may lead to the complete destruction of the plant. Thus, it has been substantiated that effective management of late blight under greenhouse conditions requires an integrated approach focused on microclimate regulation, early diagnosis, and reduction of infection sources.