ISSIQXONA VA OCHIQ MAYDONLARDAGI POMIDOR VA BULGʻOR QALAMPIRI EKINLARINI TUTA ABSOLUTA ZARARKUNANDASIDAN HIMOYA QILISHNING SAMARALI USULLARI

Abstract

This review article analyzes modern management strategies against the South American tomato pinworm (Tuta absoluta Meyrick), the most formidable pest of tomato and bell pepper crops. Based on global research findings, the article highlights the pest's worldwide expansion, biological adaptation, and its recent hostshift dynamics toward bell peppers (Capsicum annuum). A comparative analysis of

pheromone monitoring, physical barriers, biological agents (Nesidiocoris tenuis, Trichogramma), and selective chemical interventions is presented. Synthesis of the data suggests that only a robust Integrated Pest Management (IPM) framework can effectively mitigate insecticide resistance and ensure sustainable yield preservation in both greenhouse and open-field systems.