HASHAROTLAR KLASSIFIKATSIYASIDA O‘ZGARISH

Abstract

The extensive use of molecular genetic methods for species identification has resulted in significant revisions to insect taxonomy. In particular, the former order Homoptera has been abolished and its representatives have been reassigned to the order Hemiptera. According to modern classification, Hemiptera comprises four suborders: Auchenorrhyncha, Sternorrhyncha (including cicadas and related groups), Coccoidea (scale insects), and Heteroptera (true bugs or semi-hard-winged insects), which were previously considered a separate order. These taxonomic changes reflect improved understanding of phylogenetic relationships based on molecular evidence.